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Reckonings: Natural Born Killers
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: New York Times

An article comparing the dietary supplement business to the biotechnology industry


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!!! Women's Environmental Network to Protest Use of GM Cotton in Tampons in U.K.
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: Klaus Ammann

On March 24, 2000, WEN plans to announce a boycott of tampons and products marketed by Smith & Nephew (Lillets brand) and Proctor & Gamble (Tampax brand) which may contain fibre obtained from GM cotton varieties.


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!!! GM foods and the luxury of choice
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: The Times (London)

Television Review


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!!! Unveiled: the GM rice that could feed world
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: Guardian

Extra yields as high as 35% will solve food crisis, say scientific researchers. But critics urge caution

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!!! Anti-biotech sentiment has its own risks: Science Viewpoint
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: Financial Times

Excessive regulation of GM foods is misplaced and irrational and will make it impossible for these products to compete in the market

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!!! Britain Considers Code For Science Reporting
Date: 4/2/2000
Source: AgBiotech Reporter

The London Independent reports that the Social Issues Research Center in Oxford, UK is working closely with the Royal Institution and the Science and Technology Committee of the House of Commons to establish a new code of practice for science reporting in Britain.

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BIOTECH FOOD FIGHT PITS U.S., CHINA VS. EUROPE, ENVIRONMENTALISTS
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

While the West is slowing development of genetically modified foods because of public apprehension over the technology's safety, the debate continues in the developing world.

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PUBLIC INFORMATION PROGRAM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: BIO

A multi-year, industry-led public information program begins today to share information about agricultural biotechnology with people in the United States and Canada. The program,sponsored by the Council for Biotechnology Information will include a web site, toll-free consumer number, information materials, and television and print advertising.

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NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS ENDORSE AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: James Watson and Norman Borlaug Sign Pro-Biotechnology Declaration
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Agbioworld.org

Nobel Prize winners James Watson and Norman Borlaug join more than 1,000 other scientists from around the world in endorsing a "Declaration of Scientists in Support of Agricultural Biotechnology."

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VATICAN EXPERTS OK PLANT, ANIMAL GENETIC ENGINEERING
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: St. Louis Review

Vatican experts voiced a "prudent yes" to genetic engineering of plants and animals, but restated Church objections to human cloning and other biotechnologies that modify the human genetic code.

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FAO Urges Increased Research On Functional Properties Of Starch To Help Developing Countries Compete In World Markets
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: UN Food and Agriculture Organization

The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has urged research institutes to look into the various properties of starch in an effort to help developing countries compete more effectively in world starch markets.

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Yahoo Science Coverage: Genetically Modified Food Debate
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: yahoo

Various news stories covering the GM Food debate

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GM CROPS: Russian scientists test first domestic GM potato
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Bridge News

Russian scientists are holding tests on a genetically modified potato, the first Russian modified crop variety, according to an official with the Russian Academy of Sciences' Bioengineer Center. She said the potato variety, which is resistant to the Colorado potato beetle, might start to be used in 2001 if the tests were successful.

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Public and private plant breeding
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Nature Biotechnology, Vol 17, p 938

A survey conducted by Ken Frey at Iowa State University shows that plant breeding research and development in the public sector has decreased 2.5 scientist-years per year from 1990 to 1994. During the same period private industry was found to have an annual net growth of 32 scientist-years.

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THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS ON AGROECOSYSTEM HEALTH
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: University of California, Berkeley

Genetic engineering is an application of biotechnology involving the manipulation of DNA and the transfer of gene components between species in order to achieve stable intergenerational expression of new traits. In fact plant biotechnology is already changing farming practices and is likely to transform food production and impact the environment in dramatic ways.

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Getting a Bargain on a Medical Miracle
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Washington Post

In the vibrant world of biotechnology and genetic engineering, everything seems possible, even a cure for the common cold. Stem cells offer hope to victims of stroke and infant brain damage. We've wiped out some of the most deadly infectious diseases. People are living into their nineties, and more will be doing so in the future.

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EU sets guidelines for cautionary food trade bans
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: PlanetArk.org

The European Commission yesterday unveiled guidelines on how it believes public health can be protected with cautionary trade bans when faced with insufficient or conflicting science.

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Genetic Modification Isn't An Unnatural Process, Borlaug Says
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Minneapolis Star Tribune

Norman Borlaug has a point to insert into the debate over genetically modified foods: Ordinary leavened bread is made from wheat that carries the genes of three plant species. And the genetic engineering didn't happen in the past decade or even the past millennium. Nature spliced the genes before the rise of the Roman Empire.

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Highlights of U.N. food biosafety pact
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: PlanetArk.org

Key provisions of the U.N.-sponsored Biosafety Protocol approved by representatives of more than 130 countries in Montreal.

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Russian Grain Union Says Will Promote Modified Grains
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: Biotechnology Knowledge Center

Russia's Grain Union plans to study and promote the use of genetically modified (GM) grains in Russia, Vladimir Petrichenko, Vice President of the union said. He said the union would hold an international conference in May on the prospects of GM grains in Russia.

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"Economist GM poll - 57% of US citizens less likely to buy GM foods"
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: The Economist

"MAYBE those anti-capitalist, unscientific Europeans are against genetically modified (GM) food. But we optimistic, pro-capitalist scientific Americans know better."

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European Commission Adopts White Paper on Food Safety and Sets out a "Farm to Table" Legislative Action Program
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: European Commission

A major legislative reform is proposed to complete the EU´s "farm to table" approach as well as the establishment of a new European Food Authority.

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Crop Biotechnology: Benefits, Risks and Ownership
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: RF Web Site

Speech delivered March 28, 2000 in Edinburgh, Scotland at: GM Food Safety: Facts, Uncertainties, And Assessment; The Organization For Economic Co-Operation And Development (OECD) Edinburgh Conference on the Scientific and Health Aspects of Genetically Modified Foods

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Gordon Conway's Remarks to Monsanto's Board of Directors
Date: 4/3/2000
Source: RF Web Site

Gordon Conway's spoken remarks to the Monsanto board of directors are based on the statement below

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!!! Monsanto: Scientists Achieve Major Breakthrough in Rice; Data to be Shared With Worldwide Research Community
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: PR Newswire

Monsanto announced a major scientific breakthrough in decoding the genetic make-up of rice, and that it will share its data with researchers around the world.

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!!! Biotech food fight hurts U.S. consumers - Glickman
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: Reuters

U.S. Agriculture Secretary Dan Glickman charged biotechnology opponents are resorting to ``guerrilla tactics and outlandish rhetoric,'' and exploiting the public's limited knowledge about genetically modified organisms or GMOs.

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TRIPS Agreement
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: WTO Web Site

Link to the text of the TRIPS Agreement

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!!! Annan Urges High-Tech Aid for Poor Countries
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: New York Times

Secretary General Kofi Annan proposed today that the United Nations take the lead in bringing advanced information technologies to poor nations, which he said could enable them to leapfrog over traditional stages of development at a surprisingly low cost.

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!!! Industry Moves to Defend Biotechnology
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: New York Times

Responding to a backlash against genetically engineered crops, some of the world's biggest biotechnology companies said today that they would spend up to $50 million over the next few years to convince consumers that the products are safe.

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!!! Group led by peer and vicar 'ruined GM crop'
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: The Independent

Lord Melchett, the executive director of Greenpeace, led a dawn raid on a farm in Norfolk, causing £17,400 of damage to a genetically modified crop and disrupting a research programme, a court was told yesterday.

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!!! Biotech Ad Campaign Aims to Shape U.S. Attitudes on Modified Crops
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: Wall Street Journal

The crop-biotechnology industry, wounded by a backlash in Europe, is launching an advertising campaign aimed at preventing the same thing from happening in the U.S.

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!!! U.S. Farmers Cutting Back on Crops That Have Been Genetically Modified
Date: 4/4/2000
Source: Wall Street Journal

The U.S. farmer's retreat from genetically modified crops is gathering steam, signaling bigger troubles ahead for the battered biotechnology industry.

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!!! Monsanto Assembles Genetic Map of Rice
Date: 4/5/2000
Source: The Washington Post

Jump-starting scientific efforts to improve the world's most important crop, Monsanto Co. said yesterday that it had compiled a rough draft of the entire genetic map of the rice plant.

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!!! Study Backs Biotech Crops Review
Date: 4/5/2000
Source: The New York Times

The government should tighten its review and monitoring of genetically engineered crops to ensure that plants made toxic to pests won't prove harmful to human health or the environment, a panel of scientists said today.

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!!! Genetically Engineered Food Needs Better Regulation
Date: 4/5/2000
Source: The Washington Post

Genetically engineered crops appear to be safe but the government should better coordinate how it regulates them to make sure they don't pose a danger to the environment or human health, a National Academy of Sciences report concluded today.

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!!! Monsanto to make rice data freely available
Date: 4/5/2000
Source: Financial Times (London)

Monsanto, the US biotechnology company, yesterday said it had produced "a working draft" of rice's genetic makeup and would be making the ground-breaking data on one of the world's key food staples freely available to scientists around the globe.

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!!! Monsanto to Share Research On Rice's Genetic Structure
Date: 4/5/2000
Source: Wall Street Journal

Monsanto Co., aiming to mollify farming activists in the developing world, said it will make available without charge its research about the genetic structure of rice.

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Experts Urge Caution on Genetically Modified Plants
Date: 4/6/2000
Source: New York Times

Saying that genetically engineered crops have the potential to pose food safety risks and harm the environment, the National Academy of Sciences yesterday cautiously endorsed the safety of biotech foods now on the market but called for stronger regulation of the novel plants.

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!!! Engineering Solutions to Malnutrition
Date: 4/6/2000
Source: GRAIN Web Site

This article investigates the problem of malnutrition in context, and argues that as a solution to Vitamin A deficiency, genetic engineering is part of the problem, not the solution.

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Filling the Bowl: For billions worldwide, a modified grain could end the lean times
Date: 4/7/2000
Source: New Scientist

RICE, which provides more than half the daily food for one third of people across the globe, is a key target for genetic engineers seeking to develop new crops to feed the world's burgeoning population.

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!!! U.S. Regulatory System Needs Adjustment As Volume and Mix of Transgenic Plants Increase in Marketplace
Date: 4/7/2000
Source: National Academy of Sciences

Even given the strengths of the U.S. system governing transgenic plants, regulatory agencies should do a better job of coordinating their work and expanding public access to the process as the volume and mix of these types of plants on the market increase, says a new report from the National Academies' National Research Council.

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!!! U.S. Regulatory System Needs Adjustment As Volume and Mix of Transgenic Plants Increase in Marketplace
Date: 4/7/2000
Source: National Academy of Sciences

Even given the strengths of the U.S. system governing transgenic plants, regulatory agencies should do a better job of coordinating their work and expanding public access to the process as the volume and mix of these types of plants on the market increase, says a new report from the National Academies' National Research Council.

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!!! Growing pains
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

Farming is under pressure to produce more, but has less freedom than ever to do so. Shereen El Feki considers how it can rise to new expectations

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!!! Trust or bust
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

MONOCULTURES are much criticised by environmentalists for driving out biodiversity, replacing a rich mix of species with a single crop. Economists, and farmers, fear much the same is happening in American agribusiness, as consolidation and vertical integration sweep the industry.

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!!! Survival kits
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

Contrary to their staid image, farmers can be quite nimble when it comes to adopting new technologies. The development of modern genetics owes much to breeders' match-making over the centuries. But now farming is being flooded with biological information and molecular tools, courtesy of modern medicine and its genomics revolution.

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!!! A not-so-perfect market
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

Trade barriers of many kinds are making agriculture less efficient than it could be.

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!!! Farming the garden of Eden
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

Can agriculture be made friendlier to the environment?

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!!! Cultivating carbon
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

BELCHING tractors, farting cows, decaying rice paddies and burning fields make agriculture a culprit in greenhouse-gas production: according to the OECD, farming accounts for over 8% of all the methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide released. Although scientists dispute whether such gases contribute to global warming, many of the world's major polluters, such as America, Japan and the EU, have pledged to reduce their emissions.

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!!! A wide-open field
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Economist

In farming, there is no single way to salvation.

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!!! Cancer expert says GM crops can be healthier
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Independent

One of Britain's leading geneticists has attacked Lord Melchett, executive director of Greenpeace, for demanding absolute proof that genetically modified (GM) crops are safe.

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!!! Concrete case for wheat
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: The Guardian

Claire Cockcroft foresees a high fibre diet for tomorrow's hungry industries.

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!!! Scientists back crop campaign
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: South China Morning Post (Hong Kong)

Leading Hong Kong biotechnologists have signed a global petition of more than 2,000 international scientists - including two Nobel prize winners - in support of genetically modified crops.

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!!! New Technology Promises Revolutionary Benefits to World Agriculture, Consumers
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: Business Wire

Eden Bioscience introduces a completely new class of crop production and plant protection technology. This technology will be offered via Messenger(R) the first product that offers growers a novel, effective and environmentally sound tool for plant disease management; plant growth enhancement; and insect, mite and nematode suppression.

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!!! Economics may lure UK organic farmers to GMOs
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: Bridge News

UK participation in organic farming faces a number of constraints, and some farmers indicate they view the organic experience as a pit-stop on the road to other systems--possibly including growing genetically modified crops.

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!!! Brazil groups gain rights to research Monsanto soybeans
Date: 4/10/2000
Source: Bridge News

The Brazilian Agricultural Research Institute (EMBRAPA) and the Parana State Cooperatives Association (OCEPAR) have signed a deal with Monsanto allowing them to research genes in some of the US company's genetically modified (GMO) soybeans.

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!!! Playing A Genetic Roulette
Date: 4/11/2000
Source: The Hindu

On the basis of the knowledge gained over the past three decades greater emphasis needs to be placed on ensuring that the productivity gains are not only economically viable but also ecologically sustainable. That strongly endorses the interdependence between the developed and developing worlds to foster mutually beneficial relationships.

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!!! INSIDE TRACK: Monsanto opts to work with the grain
Date: 4/11/2000
Source: The Financial Times

A company announced that it had come up with a "working draft" of the genetic structure of rice, the staple on which billions in the developing world depend, the first time a crop genome had been described in such detail. Instead of keeping this precious commercial asset to themselves, executives said they had decided to make the data, a key tool in the drive to develop high-yielding rice varieties, freely available.

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!!! Commentary: U.S. Should End Biotech Food Fight
Date: 4/12/2000
Source: Los Angeles Times

Opponents of biotechnology have raised some legitimate concerns. In doing so, however, they have often employed guerrilla tactics and outlandish rhetoric. Instead of educating people, they have merely exploited the public's limited knowledge about genetically modified organisms, or GMOs.

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!!! BIOTECH FOODS AREN'T OUT OF THE WOODS YET
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: Business Week

After a year's deliberation, the National Academy of Sciences on Apr. 5 released the most authoritative report so far on one of the biggest controversies of the new century -- the safety of biotech foods. The academy's expert committee said it had found no evidence that gene-spliced crops are unsafe to eat. And it endorsed the central principle of the government's existing biotech regulations: that genetically engineered foods pose no special risk simply because they are produced by a new process.

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!!! HEADLINE: SPLICED AND DICED; AMERICA PUSHES FRANKENFOODS
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: In These Times - Institute for Public Affairs

Despite years of effort by the United States to scuttle a global agreement establishing rules for international trade in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), one was agreed to by more than 130 countries in Montreal at the end of January.

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!!! Europe rejects tougher curbs on genetically modified food
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: Financial Times (London)

Europe's biotechnology industry was last night celebrating a rare policy victory after fending off attempts to toughen proposed laws on the licensing of genetically modified products.

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!!! France says GM food labelling law not tight enough
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: Agence France Presse

French consumer bodies said on Wednesday that EU legislation obliging labels to list any food or food additives with over one percent of genetically modified organisms (GMO) was a step forward, but not enough.

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!!! Genetically altered salmon may go on sale within a year
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: The Daily Telegraph (London)

SALMON genetically modified to grow four to six times faster than conventional farmed fish could be on American plates within a year, a research company said yesterday.

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!!! Objectors to clog path to crop trials; Ministers face further GM revolt with crop trials stalled by appeals system and risk of giant US salmon breeding with British species.
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: The Guardian (London)

Campaigners against genetically modified crops are planning to clog the government machinery for approving the new technology by taking advantage of rarely used official procedures.

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URGENT SOLIDARITY CONVENTION
Date: 4/13/2000
Source: The Guardian (London)

US - India citizens declaration for a new solidarity and a Citizens Vision Statement for a new Millennium to articulate the India US partnership at the people's level to reverse globalization. This statement has been prepared by a wide spectrum of Indian groups who are organising the Solidarity Convention on March 11, 2000 and by the International Forum on Globalization.

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!!! The Spill out from CIMMYT's Revised Patent Policy: Oil on Troubled Waters...or just a Tempest in a Test-tube?
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: The Guardian (London)

RAFI s commentary on CIMMYT s new intellectual property (IP) policy

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USA: GM soybeans save farmers on chemicals-study.
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Reuters English News Service

Genetically altered soybeans produce about the same yield and require the same overall volume of chemicals to kill weeds as traditional varieties but save farmers about $220 million annually in cheaper chemical costs, according to a study released on Friday.

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!!! Ag Secretary Glickman, FDA's Henney & State's Larson Head List of Speakers for 23rd National Food Policy Conference
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: PR Newswire

Gordon Conway to speak at National Food Policy Conference April 17-18, along with Glickman and other 2 other key Clinton Administration figures on GE foods.

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!!! GMA: Congressional Biotech Report Should Aid Effort to Dispel Fear, Misinformation
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: PRNewswire

The Chairman of the House Science Subcommittee on Basic Research, Rep. Nick Smith (R-MI), today released a comprehensive report on the benefits, safety and oversight of agricultural biotechnology.

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!!! Breakthrough in Detecting Transgenetic Products
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: NewsEdge Corporation

China has made a breakthrough in detecting transgenetic products. This success will accelerate China's efforts to inspect other transgenetic products. The achievement will also be conducive to the formulation of related laws and regulations in China.

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!!! POLICY CHECKLIST; GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: UK: Environment News

Government has reached voluntary agreement with biotechnology companies represented by SCIMAC on farm-scale evaluations which will continue until 2002. There is to be no unrestricted cultivation and no commercial benefits for consent-holders.

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!!! New-wave GM foods fuel doubt
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Financial Times (London)

The consumer benefits of a "second generation" of genetically modified foods have been overstated by a biotech industry keen to win over a sceptical public, a report claimed yesterday.

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!!! THE AMERICAS: GM foods boosted by House science panel
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Financial Times (London)

Genetically-modified foods were given a vote of confidence yesterday by a science subcommittee of the US House of Representatives, a move that may hinder legislative initiatives to curb use of the technology.

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!!! A campaign of hysteria; Who is funding the anti-globalization demonstrators?
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: The Washington Times

Thousands of demonstrators are converging on Washington this week to protest joint meetings of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. Among the demonstrators' specific complaints with the IMF and the World Bank are that these institutions' lending practices cause harm to the environment and hurt poor countries.

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!!! ENVIRONMENT-MEXICO: Senate Approves Transgenic Product Labelling
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Inter Press Service

Environmental groups have celebrated the approval of a legislative bill that imposes labelling requirements for genetically modified (GM) foods, which will let consumers know what they are eating and where it came from.

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!!! The Power Behind the Clone: Why corporations are on the defensive in the genetic engineering battle
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Corporate Watch Magazine

The environmental movement has made some startling converts recently. Chief among these is Monsanto PLC, notorious for its production of noxious chemicals and unwanted genetically engineered soya.

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Food security: can designer crops meet new challenges?
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: The Business Line

SOME 300 million people in India, approximately a third of the population, are malnourished. The successful impact of the Green Revolution, which helped the country put behind it famine and death, is beginning to fade with agricultural output plateauing. With the population expected to reach approximately 1.5 billion by 2050, farm production needs to increase 100 per cent with availability of arable land remaining the same. Shortage of irrigation water, increasing salinity levels, and water-logging of soil compound the problem of food security.

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!!! CHURCH OF ENGLAND WANTS MORATORIUM ON GM CROPS
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Reuters

The Church of England's Ethical Advisory Group was cited as saying in a statement Wednesday that the church should not allow new tenants to carry out genetically modified crop trials on its land, adding, "Until further research has been conducted into the ecological risks, new agricultural leases should contain a clause excluding the planting of GM crops on church land," and that an "ethical framework" for GM crop research should be developed before the church allows trials on its land.

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!!! Sri Lanka Bans Import of Genetically Modified Food
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Agence France Presse

Sri Lanka has imposed a ban on genetically modified food pending more research on their effects on humans, a government official said Monday.

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TASMANIA TRIES TO OPT OUT OF GM TRIALS
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Proponents of genetic modification have been on the attack today. The island state says it's so concerned about potential contamination it wants to be able to ban all GM crops if necessary.

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Threat of Mass Rally Against GM Testing: Farmer Groups Say Scrap Tests Right Now
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: Bangkok Post

A network of 35 farmer groups and non-governmental organisations has threatened to stage a mass rally unless concerned agencies respond positively to their call for a halt to the testing of genetically modified plants.

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MONOCULTURES, MONOPOLIES, MYTHS AND THE MASCULINISATION OF AGRICULTURE
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: One World News

Paper written by Dr. Vandana Shiva who was asked to speak on "Women's Knowledge, Biotechnology and International Trade -- Fostering A New Dialogue into the Next Millennium" at the International Conference on Women and Agriculture.

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!!! GMA: Congressional Biotech Report Should Aid Effort to Dispel Fear, Misinformation
Date: 4/14/2000
Source: NewsEdge Corporation

A new congressional study that supports science-based regulatory and labeling policies on food biotechnology "will be useful in dispelling unscientific and unsubstantiated attacks on a safe technology," according to the Grocery Manufacturers of America.

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PLAYING SAFE : Crops modified using a new method can't spread resistance
Date: 4/17/2000
Source: New Scientist

A MAJOR OBJECTION to genetically modified crops has been answered. A new technique allows plants to be modified without adding a "marker gene" for antibiotic resistance. Fears that these genes could spread to dangerous bacteria, making them resistant to antibiotics, have made marker genes a target for critics.

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!!! China fertile ground for genetically modified crops
Date: 4/17/2000
Source: Agence France Presse

Most Chinese are bemused by the term "genetically modified" even as their nation faces a choice to treat the spread of the controversial "super crops" with relish or reserve. But it is an issue likely to affect growing numbers, whether they know it or not, as consumption of genetically modified (GM) food is expected to rise dramatically with China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO).

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Council Debates Call to Expand Geographical Indications Protection
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: World Trade Organisation

Plants and animals are not eligible for patenting, except in the following cases: Inventions of micro-organisms, Inventions of non-biological and microbiological processes for the production of plants or animals, plant varieties have to be eligible for protection either by patents, or by an effective system specially created for the purpose (?sui generis?), or a combination of the two.

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!!! Weighing the promise - and danger - of biotechnology
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune

In noting that no health hazard has ever been found in biotech food products intended for human consumption, the council has hardly given companies the blanket approvals they might have hoped for.

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!!! Let's not shut the door to modern genetic engineering
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: BusinessWorld

"In her letter to the editor, Ms. Gamboa seems opposed to just about everything advanced -biotechnology, globalization, profit, etc. Just because something is "natural" doesn't mean it is safe. "

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!!! Farmers back in fields for spring planting amidst new EPA rules
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: Associated Press

Under new environmental regulations imposed this spring, farmers can only plant 80 percent of their corn acreage into a variety of biotech corn, known as Bt corn for a bacteria gene that makes it toxic to pests. The other 20 percent must be planted to a non-Bt variety - so that enough of the corn borers which are not resistant can survive and reproduce.

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!!! India: 'Gene revolution spreading'
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: Business Line

The country will not be able to ignore the developments in crop biotechnology and block the introduction of genetically improved crops in India.

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!!! Biotech: Europe's tail must not wag US dog
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: Journal of Commerce

The European tail of neurotic concern - based on unfounded fears whipped up by a compliant press - cannot be permitted to prevent this adaptive dog from barking.

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!!! BIO Grows A Presence On the Hill -- DNA, Food Fights Have Biotech Group Hustling
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: Legal Times

As biotechnology issues erupt inside the Beltway and beyond, the trade association known as BIO is increasingly under the microscope.

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!!! Review Process for Biotech Products Should be More Formal, NFPA's President Tells Food Policy Conference
Date: 4/18/2000
Source: PR Newswire

The process by which new biotech food products are reviewed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration "should be made more formal," according to John Cady President and CEO of the National Food Processors Association (NFPA).

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The Kept University; U.C. Berkeley's recent agreement with a Swiss pharmaceutical company has raised concerns over who ultimately directs research
Date: 4/20/2000
Source: Atlantic Monthly

Commercially sponsored research is putting at risk the paramount value of higher education-disinterested inquiry. Even more alarming, the authors argue, universities themselves are behaving more and more like for-profit companies.

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For The Moment, The Gene Genie Is Staying In Its Bottle
Date: 4/20/2000
Source: Agbioview

As a microbiologist who has testified in a number of venues on the marker gene issue, I would like to make the following important point. If the marker genes found in genetically modified crops were to "escape" into human intestinal bacteria, such an event have no clinical relevance.

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Corn Growers Support US AID funding of Agbiotech Research in LDCs
Date: 4/20/2000
Source: Agbioview

Statement of the American Farm Bureau Federation and the National Corn Growers Association Regarding Funding for the US Agency for International Development Submitted to the Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Committee on Appropriations United States Senate

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A comprehensive report on Benefits and Risks of plant biotechnology from the US Congressional Committee on Biotechnology entitled "Seeds of Opportunity"
Date: 4/20/2000
Source: U.S. House of Representatives

This report was issued April 13, 2000 and was the outcome from a series of three hearing which the Congressional Biotechnology Committee held on the Benefits and Risks of Plant Biotechnology held in Washington DC.

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A possible example of the perils of Bt gene escape might be sunflowers
Date: 4/20/2000
Source: Agbioview

Comments on Bt gene escape

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Information document CGRFA 8/99/Inf.11 for the 8th Regular Session of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (April 1999).
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)

Biosafety issues related to biotechnologies for sustainable agriculture and food security.

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FAO STATEMENT ON BIOTECHNOLOGY
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Biotechnology provides powerful tools for the sustainable development of agriculture, fisheries and forestry, as well as the food industry. When appropriately integrated with other technologies for the production of food, agricultural products and services, biotechnology can be of significant assistance in meeting the needs of an expanding and increasingly urbanized population in the next millennium.

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OECD's Bio Track Database of Field Trials.
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OEDC)

This database includes records of field trials of genetically modified organisms which have taken place in OECD Member countries. It also includes data from other countries which has been provided through UNIDO's BINAS

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MSP calls for North-east crop trial to be halted
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Aberdeen Press and Journal

A NORTH-EAST MSP called for a halt to an Aberdeenshire GM crop trial yesterday, warning that it could damage the region's agricultural reputation.

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Anti-GM foods pressure group to disband
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Irish Times

The main group campaigning against GM foods in the Republic, Genetic Concern, is to dis-band. The organisation says it has fulfilled its aim of alerting consumers to the wide-scale in-troduction of GM foods and what it considered to be unacceptable risks to humans and the environment from such produce.

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Scientists leave the lab to defend bioengineered food
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Chronicle of Higher Education

Researchers fear hysteria may impede genetic breakthroughs that could save lives.

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Book Review: Carlos M. Correa, "Intellectual Property Rights, the WTO and Developing Countries: The TRIPS Agreement and Policy Options"
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Third World Network

Book Review: Carlos M. Correa, "Intellectual Property Rights, the WTO and Developing Countries: The TRIPS Agreement and Policy Options"

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Opening a can of GM worms
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: South China Morning Post

Moves towards clearly identifying genetically modified food have raised more questions than answers.

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FLAWED SCIENCE BEHIND EPA APPROVAL OF BIOTECH CROPS
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Greenpeace USA

Scientific review finds EPA accepted biotech companies' questionable studies as sound science.

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TRIPS is not anti-biodiversity, assures WTO chief
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Rediff on The Net, New Delhi

This is a letter written by World Trade Organisation's Secretary-General Mike Moore to Indian citizens

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Seed - The Mother of All Life: Indian Agricultural Interest and the New Corporate Order
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: World Affairs

The very thought of monopolizing an agricultural resource so vital to life was unthinkable a few years ago. Today, it is becoming a palpable reality. The geographical concentration of wealth is accelerating, along with control over technological knowledge. This is fueling further advances in biotechnology. Agrochemical, pharmaceutical and seed industries pursue interlocking activities and aims. It is ever more difficult to associate these transnationals with a single industry. As their interests broaden and mesh, so does the incentive to pursue research in many different areas, to develop new products, and to put their brand on them.

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Letter from Dr. John Wafula to Friends of the Earth
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Klaus Ammann

John Wafula's letter to the organizers of the Friends of the Earth biotechnology conference regarding the lack of representation from African countries particularly public and private sectors institutions/organizations.

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The Contract & the Code: When Corporations Own Knowledge, To
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: University Business

Peggy Lemaux vividly remembers the scene that, in her mind, justified the effort her department at the University of California-Berkeley was putting into courting a corporate research sponsor. It became clear to Lemaux, a cooperative-extension specialist with Berkeley's Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, that in the field of agricultural biotechnology, corporate sponsorship could involve more than funding. Watching a postdoc student receive in ten seconds what might have taken five years to put together in a university laboratory, Lemaux knew that any research agreement her department put together would have to include a more valuable asset--access to genetic maps, information about genes and gene sequences, and various genetic tissues used to analyze genes and generate new traits.

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Filipino rice farmers protest IRRI's 40th anniversary
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: wire reports

Hundreds of Filipino rice farmers protested against the Philippine-based International Rice Reseach Institute (IRRI), home of the 'Green Revolution', which is celebrating its 40th anniversary today.

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Tlaxcala Statement on Public/Private Sector Alliances in Agricultural Research: Opportunities, Mechanisms, and Limites
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: International Center for the Improvement of Wheat and Maize

This statement was ratified by broup members in November 1999 and published in January 2000.

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Jury clears GM crop protesters; Ruling Welcomed by Greenpeace
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Financial Times

The environmentalist campaign against genetically modified crops scored a victory yesterday when a jury cleared of stealing Greenpeace activists who raided a maize field. But jurors failed to agree whether they had committed criminal damage.

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Bio Diversity and Intellectual Property Rights in The South Pacific
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: WWF, Gland

This paper is divided in two sections. The first section offers an overview of the TRIPs agreement and discusses its implications for IPRs in the South Pacific. The second part focuses on IPRs issues surrounding Kava, a plant widely used in the South Pacific by local communities, but increasingly used in a number of drugs made in the US and Europe. Following is the Report Introduction. Links to the full report may be found at web site http://panda.org/resources/publications/sustainability/bi_main.html.

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The Implementation of the Convention on BioDiversity and WTO-TRIPS: An
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: WWF, Gland

The topic of IPRs has attracted much attention in India following ratification of the Convention on Biological Diversity in 1994 and the joining of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995. India played a key role in the negotiations leading to the signing of the CBD and its provisions have been welcomed by all concerned even though many of them lack the desired clarity and specificity. Following is the Report Introduction. Links to the full report may be found at web site http://panda.org/resources/publications/sustainability/ind_main.html.

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How science saved farms
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: The Vancouver Sun

There is irony in canola's success because there is a glut of seed on the world market today. Low prices are forcing farmers to once again look towards biotechnology to provide diverse options for crop production and marketing.

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Legal Protection of Biotechnological Inventions: A Consultation Paper on Implementation in the United Kingdom of EC Directive
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: The Vancouver Sun

In the UK, the Patent Office issued a consultative draft for brining United Kingdon law on patents and biotechnology into line with common rules set out in a European Directive agreedin 1998. This does not fundamentally change UK patent law. The consultation paper is attached.

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Philadelphia-Area Supermarket Chain Supports Modified-Food Labeling
Date: 4/21/2000
Source: Philadelphia Inquirer

Genuardi's Family Markets broke ranks with the supermarket industry in announcing that it supports mandatory labeling of foods with genetically modified ingredients.

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Cereal Gene Bank Accepts Need for Patents
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Nature Magazine

The world's leading maize and wheat research organiazation (CIMMYT) adopted an intellectual-property policy intended to ensure that its resources will remain available to scientists working for sustainable agriculture in developing nations.

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As Monstanto Makes Rice Genome Pulbic
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Nature Magazine

The multinational life science company Monsanto announced the first coplete sequencing of a crop plant genome -- all 12 chromosomes of rice.

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Monsanto Rice Genome Sequencing Program
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Monstanto

This is a draft Background and Answers Paper and Fact Sheet on the Monsanto Rice Genome Sequencing Program.

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Genetically Modified Nonsense
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: The Life Sciences Knowledge Center

For over two decades, biotechnology has been an effective means of creating new pharmaceuticals or mass producing known drugs that were previously difficult and expensive to produce and limited in availability. As such, it was a proven method for bettering the human condition. During this time, biotechnologies for accelerating plant breeding and developing using various techniques of tissue culture were successfully applied to agricultural needs.

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Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Klaus Ammann

A comprehensive article about the safety of GT feed.

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Preliminary Report on the Ecological Impact of BT Corn Pollen on the Monarch Butterfly in Ontario
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Klaus Ammann

This report was prepared for the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

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Genetically Modified Pest Protected Plants: Science and Regulation (2000)
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: National Academy Press

This is the report put out by the Committee on Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants, National Research Council.

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A Comment on the Proposed Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Bill, 1999
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture, India

A draft PBRs Bill has been submitteed to Parliament with the objectives of protecting the rights of breeders and farmers while also fulfilling the country's obligations to the TRIPs Agreement. This Comment was submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture, India

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Is it Unnatural to Genetically Engineer Plants
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Weed Science

This article is baed on remarks made in February 1998 at the annual meeting of the Weed Science Society of America in Chicago.

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Reviving Global Poverty Reduction: What Role for Genetically Modified Plants?
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: CGIAR Secretariat

1999 Sir John Crawford Memorial Lecture; CGIAR International Centers Week

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Ten Reasons Why Biotechnology Will Not Ensure Food Security, Protect The Environment And Reduce Poverty In The Developing World
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: AgBioForum

Advocates of biotechnology affirm that the application of genetic engineering to develop transgenic crops will increase world agricultural productivity, enhance food security, and move agriculture away from a dependence on chemical inputs helping to reduce environmental problems. This paper challenges such assertions by first demystifying the Malthusian view that hunger is due to a gap between food production and human population growth. Second, we expose the fact that current bio-engineered crops are not designed to increase yields or for poor small farmers, so that they may not benefit from them. In addition, transgenic crops pose serious environmental risks, continuously underplayed by the biotechnology industry. Finally, it is concluded that there are many other agro-ecological alternatives that can solve the agricultural problems that biotechnology aims at solving, but in a much more socially equitable manner and in a more environmentally harmonious way.

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Report from the International Conference on Biotechnology on the Global Economy
Date: 4/24/2000
Source: Harvard's Center for International Development Web Site

The International Conference on Biotechnology in the Global Economy was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, from 2-3 September 1999. It was sponsored by the Harvard University Center for International Development and the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. The conference examined a number of issues related to biotechnology in the context of globalization based on 16 background papers and 46 viewpoints and abstracts. Specific topics were addressed in nine sessions on: the evolution of the biotechnology industry; biotechnology in international trade; intellectual property rights; biotechnology and international relations; bioprospecting; biotechnology in developing countries; environmental aspects of biotechnology; biotechnology and human health; and ethics, social values and biotechnology. The Conference web site features written summaries as well as audio files of presentations.

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Ten Reasons Why Biotechnology Will Be Important To The Developing World
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: AgBioForum

The objective in this article is to challenge misconceptions often put forward about the technologies of biotechnology. In particular, I challenge many of the arguments put forward by Altieri and Rosset in their paper published in this issue of AgBioForum. My main conclusion is that biotechnology will be very important to the developing world in the next 50 years.

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Strengthening The Case For Why Biotechnology Will Not Help The Developing World: A Response to McGloughlin
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: AgBioForum

Upon reflecting on McGloughlin's response to our original essay it becomes quite clear that we and she speak from different world views. Where she sees simple problems that can be solved with quick technological fixes provided by private industry, we see an unequal world where problems like hunger are the product of inequality, and can only be solved by striking at that inequality head on. In what follows we briefly respond to a number of her points.

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Council for Biotechnology Information: Biotechnology Can Help Protect The Envirnonment
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: U.S. Newswire

Earth Day provides a reminder for everyone to think about their impact on the environment, and to consider how small changes can lead to a big payoff. According to the Council for Biotechnology Information, many people are surprised to learn that farming methods employed by agricultural biotechnology help protect the environment while improving our quality of life.

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Conservative Take on Radical Technology
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: The San Francisco Chronicle

AS THE DEBATE surrounding genetically engineered foods matures, some of the most ardent critics have refined their bottom line: They want consumers to have the right to know what they are eating and are pushing for a labeling law.

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MAP OF RICE GENOME
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: The Toronto Star

RESEARCHERS WORKING in obscurity on a little-known project to map the genetic code of rice have been thrust into the academic limelight with a project that proponents say could bring crops to Africa's parched lands.

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Fighting Over New Ways To Raise Food
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: The Nation (Nairobi)

Writer JEFF OTIENO spoke to scientists who support the new technology for producing genetically engineered crops as well as those who see risks in biotechnology.

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PHIL LEMPERT, SYNDICATED FOOD COLUMNIST, DISCUSSES GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: SHOW: TODAY

This morning on TODAY'S KITCHEN, genetically modified foods. Prince Charles has referred to them as Frankenstein foods, and most people across the US and Europe are upset over the lack of information the public has about the process. But despite these concerns, we may not see stricter labeling laws for at least two more years. Syndicated columnist and TODAY show contributor Phil Lempert explains.

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Rich biodiversity of Malaysia a major plus
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: Business Times (Malaysia)

MALAYSIA'S rich biodiversity, and the traditional use of plants and herbs as medicines by different cultures, provide opportunities for identifying useful compounds in plant and animal species that can tap the estimated US$100 billion (US$1 = RM3.80) global pharmaceutical market.

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Looking for Crops That Clone Themselves
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: The New York Times

r. Wayne W. Hanna has been searching for it for nearly 20 years. The goal is a plant that will reproduce asexually, so that its seeds will grow into exact genetic copies, or clones, of the parent.

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Malaysia to sign pact on genetic products
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: New Straits Times (Malaysia)

Malaysia is expected to sign a global agreement regulating certain aspects of trade of Genetically Modified Organisms. This will follow the submission of a paper by the Science, Technology and Environment Ministry to the Cabinet.

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DRAFT OF BIOSAFETY BILL TO GO THROUGH NATIONAL CONSULTATION SOON
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: Malaysia General News

The draft of the Biosafety Bill has been finalised and will go through national consultation soon, Science, Technology and Environment Minister Datuk aw Hieng Ding said today.

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DuPont Qualicon Opens Lab for Biotechnology Testing
Date: 4/25/2000
Source: PR Newswire

DuPont Qualicon, a wholly owned subsidiary of DuPont (NYSE: DD), announced the opening of a laboratory to provide testing services to determine if specific genetic modifications are present in food products. The laboratory, located at the DuPont Experimental Station in Wilmington, will provide a precise determination of the percentage of genetically enhanced materials contained in soy- and corn-based products.

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Construction Underway on Facility to Make Plastic from Corn
Date: 4/27/2000
Source: NewsEdge Corp

Cargill Dow begins construction on the first world-scale manufacturing facility to make plastics out of corn.

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GOVERNMENT TAKES MEASURES TO PREVENT IMPORTS OF GM FOODS
Date: 4/27/2000
Source: Dr. Rebecca Bowden

Sri Lanka's Food Advisory Committee has issued instructions to all relevant authorities including the Sri Lanka Customs to prevent the imports of GMOs

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Commission on Sustainable Development holds high-level segment with focus on land and agriculture
Date: 4/27/2000
Source: M2 Presswire

Commission on Sustainable Development meets in NYC. First of its high-level segments focuses on land and agriculture.

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Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Foods Derived from Biotechnology
Date: 4/30/2000
Source: FAO | WHO

FAO and WHO are organizing a Joint Expert Consultation on Foods Derived from Biotechnology . This announcement was made during the first session of the Codex Ad Hoc Intergovernmental Task Force on Foods Derived from Biotechnology which took place in Chiba Japan from 14 to 17 March 2000.

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